Acid-Base Clinicals

CASE – 01

A 50-year-old male was admitted with a history of chronic obstructive airways disease for 5 years. ABG report revealed: pH – 7.0, pCO2 – 68 mmHg.

 a) Identify the nature of acid base disorder.

Respiratory Acidosis

b) What is the reason for increased pCO2 ?

History of Chronic Obstructive airway disease.

c) What are the other causes of this acid-base disorder?

Other causes-  Asthma, pneumonia, emphysema, narcotics, sedatives, paralysis of respiratory muscles, etc.

d) Mention the compensatory mechanisms for the disorder.

Recovery of Bicarbonate and Excretion of H+

CASE- 02

An 11-year-old boy was admitted in the hospital with blood glucose of 808 mg/dL and Rothera’s test was positive.

a) What is the most probable diagnosis?

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

b) What is the expected acid-base disorder?

Metabolic Acidosis