- Lies inside the pelvic cavity behind pubic symphysis.
- Parts-
- Apex- allantoid and uracus through which embryo urinates gets obliterated after birth. The obliterated part is median umbilical fold.
- Neck related to prostate.
- Base-
- Related to body of uterus in female fundus of uterus lies on UB
- In males- seminal vesicles and vas.
- The inferolateral surface is not covered by peritoneum. The outlet is covered by pelvic diaphragm. Most important muscle is levator ani. Clinical: supra pubic cystectomy
- Superior relation in male- coils of intestine
- Retropubic space with pad of fat
- Interior of bladder-
- 2 ureteric orifices in the supero lateral surfaces
- Mucosa is not thrown into folds. There is no submucosa, so mucosa is adherent to the muscle layer.
- Trigone of bladder is developed from the absorption of mesonephric duct.
- Rest of bladder is developed from endodermal cloaca
- Trigone of bladder blood supply- inferior vesicle artery
- Ligaments-
- True
- Pubovesicle ligament- pubis to bladder
- Puboprostatic ligament- pubis to prostate
- Median umbilical ligament
- False-(peritoneal folds)
- Median umbilical fold- just above the uracus
- Medial umbilical fold- above the obliterated part of umbilical artery on both sides
- Lateral umbilical fold- folds on the inferior epigastric artery.
- True
- Blood Supply-
- Superior vesicle artery
- Inferior vesicle artery
- Inferior gluteal artery
- Obturator artery
- Lymphatic- internal Iliac
- Uvula Vesicae-
- Protruded part near the urethral orifice produced by the medial lobe of the prostate
- Nerve Supply-
- Sympathetic- L1, L2- hypogastric plexus
- Parasympathetic- S2, S3, S4
- Higher centre for micturition- para central lobule
- Clinical-
- Cystitis- inflammation of bladder
- Transitional cell carcinoma- occupational hazard for people working in alkaline dye factories
- Suprapubic cystotomy
- Neurogenic bladder-
- Brain-spinal cord-bladder (normal path)
- Signal from bladder goes to spinal cord but not further to brain in case of spinal cord injury.
- Signal comes back from spinal cord- bladder empties on its own- autonomous bladder.
- Once spinal edema is gone, bladder functioning returns to normal